Units of Measurement With CSS
Reading Time: 3 minutesNow web designers can move the formatting information of the web pages to a separate style sheet with CSS Language. It contains several properties that the designer can use to built a unique designs. So you need as a designer to understand how each propert
CSS(Cascading Style Sheet)
Styling your web page in a correct way is the key for a perfect design. While working with CSS , you need to understand each property and the way it works. For this goal, I can say that the measurements units is one of the important concepts you need to know in CSS.
Web page dimensional:
A web page, as you know it, is two-dimensional. In other words, it has width and height. There are a number of other ways you can express this such as vertical and horizontal, length and breadth, x and y axis and so on. Another property of a web page is its size which can either be static or dynamic. When you've encountered enough CSS code, you will note a number of different ways in which the values for the same property can be declared using different units of measurement. Most of these units of measurement are used to account for the dynamism and dimensional of a web page.
You use these units with each property associated to size or length values like Font-size, width, border-width, padding, margin and so many others properties. These different units help CSS to understand how the element is going to be shown on the screen. Let's examine the most widely used units of measurement. They can broadly be categorized as Absolute and Relative units.
Absolute units
Absolute units are constant across different devices and have a fixed size. They are useful for activities like printing a page. They are not so suitable when it comes to the wide variety of devices in use today that have different view port sizes. Because of this, absolute units are used when the size of the web page is known and will remain constant.
The absolute units can be shown in the table below:
the pixels and centimeters are most frequently used for defining properties.
Relative Values:
When you create a web page, you will almost never have only a single element present inside it. Even in case of containers such as flex boxes and grids, there's usually more than one element present that rules are applied to. Relative values are defined 'in relation' to the other elements present inside the parent element. Additionally, they are defined 'in relation' to the
view port or the size of the visible web page. Given the dynamic nature of web pages today and the variable size of devices in use, relative units are the go-to option in many cases.
Below is a list of some of the important relative values:
Many of these units are used in terms of the relative size of fonts. Some units are more suitable depending on the relative context. Like when the dimensions of the view port are important, it's more appropriate to use ‘vw’ and ‘vh’. In a broader context, the relative units you will see most frequently used are percentage, em,vh, vw ,and rem.
Much like the absolute and relative units discussed above, certain properties have their own set of acceptable values that need to be taken into account. For example, color-based properties such as background color will have values such as hexadecimal,rgb(),rgba(),hsl(),hsla() and so on. Each property should be explored on an individual basis and practicing with the code will help you decide which of these units of measurement are the most suitable choice.
These units are the way that CSS use to do the measurement process and define which size/length values will be applied to get the right design. You need to be careful while working with these units and values. Especially, when you are working with the box model design. With practicing you are going to find it a fun thing to do actually!
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